Project report for Activated Charcoal

Activated carbon shows high absorptivity for gases, vapors and colloidal solids in either the gas ion or liquid phase. It is available in many forms such as pellets, granules and in powder form. Activated carbon is very important chemical. In India, It has wide application and employed by numerous industries which require absorption of certain gases and vapors in purification, in catalytic chemical reactions, decolorization of vegetable oil and sugar solutions. Activated carbons have a large surface area, liquid phase activated carbons are light in weight, fluffy powder while gas phase activated carbons are hard and are in the form of pellets. Many carbons of industrial value are prepared from coal and from organic vegetable and animal matter. A large variety of raw materials are available for the manufacture of different forms of activated carbon such as, Coal, petroleum coke, and wood charcoal are activated by gas activation; Industrial waste.

Activated charcoal, also known as activated carbon, is a medication used to treat poisonings that occurred by mouth. To be effective it must be used within a short time of the poisoning occurring, typically an hour. It does not work for poisonings by cyanide, corrosive agents, iron, lithium, alcohols, or malathion. It may be taken by mouth or given by a nasogastric tube. Other uses include inside hemoperfusion machines. Common side effects include vomiting, black stools, diarrhea, and constipation. The more serious side effect, pneumonitis, may result if aspirated into the lungs. Gastrointestinal obstruction and ileus are less common but serious adverse effects. Use in pregnancy and breastfeeding is safe. Activated charcoal works by adsorbing the toxin. While charcoal has been used since ancient times for poisonings, activated charcoal has been used since the 1900s.  It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.

The global activated carbon market size reached a value of almost INR 2940 Crores in 2020. The market is expected to reach a value of nearly INR 4650 Crores on by 2026, growing at a CAGR of 8% in the forecast period of 2021-2026. The growing demand for water filtration as well as air purification, supported by governments as a measure to improve water and air quality are the leading market trends in the activated carbon industry. The growing use of activated carbon in industrial applications has led to increase its share in the gas phase applications, which is driving the activated carbon market in the Asia-Pacific region. Moreover, the growing use of activated carbon for soil remediation applications as well as in pharmaceutical applications have witnessed significant growth during the last five years is further expected to boost the growth of the activated carbon market. However, scarcity of raw material especially in Asia-Pacific is major factor restraining the growth of the activated carbon market globally. This is resulting in the rise of activated carbon demand from the major industrial economies in order to control the mercury levels.  The granular types of the product are expected to witness a healthy demand from the wastewater treatment industry as it effectively removes residual disinfectants and organic contaminants. The product is also finding wide applications in the mining industry, specifically in the gold purification process, as it acts as an effective adsorbent in the gold recovery process. An increase in the gold mining activities, thus, is also pushing the activated carbon industry growth further.