Project report for Greenhouse

Greenhouse is structure having the transparent walls and roofs (glass, FRP, polyethylene film) for maintaining suitable environment for the growth of plants, then this enclosure is called a greenhouse. In rural areas a greenhouse can be used for crop production, crop drying as well as for space heating respectively. The increasing population puts pressure on land and food. Thus sustaining the self-sufficiency in food is next challenge for scientists to think over. The population-food imbalance can obviously be solved by increasing food production or by limiting the population. Another most viable solution to the food problem involves reducing the food losses, which occur during the food production, harvest, post-harvest and marketing. In the present scenario, to meet the worldwide demand of enhanced production, greenhouse cultivation could serve as a viable solution, facilitating off-season cultivation and protecting crop from unfavourable outdoor conditions. Apart from these, a greenhouse could be a better option for nursery raising, hardening of tissue culture plants, cultivation in regions which are prone to soil problems and extreme climates, also for cultivation of rare as well as medicinal plants.  The demand of fresh as well as processed vegetables and cut flowers at Global level is also increasing in order to strengthen the export potential and economy of a country. But the cultivated area is decreasing due to construction of new roads, buildings particularly through urbanization and industrialization. This calls for increasing productivity at a higher rate. The increased demand cannot be met through the traditional method of agricultural production.

The Global Commercial Greenhouse Market size was estimated at INR 2,238.83 Crores in 2021 and expected to reach INR 2,434.97 Crores in 2022, at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) 9.08% to reach INR 3,772.49 Crores by 2027. The growth of the market can be attributed to the rising demand for food due to the growing population, and climate change, which affects the yield of crops. Also, growing knowledge about commercial greenhouse technology for higher yield will provide various growth opportunities for market in coming years. Commercial greenhouse horticulture began by using soil as the base for all plants due to its easy availability and less initial infrastructure costs. Commercial greenhouses offer different types of covering materials such as glass or plastic roofs, and frequently glass or plastic walls. The increasing population and demand for food in developing regions such as the Asia Pacific are boosting the growth of the market. The growing requirement of fresh food in the Middle East has helped create an opportunity for urban farming in this region. The increasing trend of rooftop farming and the rising population are the two major drivers for the market. Owing to a steady increase in the demand for flowers, floriculture has become one of the important commercial trades in agriculture. Hence, commercial floriculture has emerged as a hi-tech activity under controlled climatic conditions inside a greenhouse. Floriculture in developing countries such as India is viewed as a high-growth industry. Commercial floriculture is becoming important from the export angle.