Project report for jackfruit cultivation

Planning and Setup for Jackfruit Cultivation

• Ideal Soil Type, pH Range, and Location Considerations: You can grow jackfruit best in deep, well-drained sandy loam soil with a pH of 5.5 to 7.5. It needs good drainage because water sitting around hurts the roots. Pick a spot near riverbeds or sunny plains—jackfruit does well in warm, humid areas up to 1,500 meters high.
• Climate Requirements and Season of Planting: You can plant jackfruit in tropical or subtropical places with temperatures between 22-35°C and 100-240 cm of rain yearly. It hates frost or dry winds, so avoid cold spots. June to September works best for planting in India, matching the rainy season for strong roots.
• Land Preparation and Spacing: You can clear weeds and dig the soil to make it loose. Dig pits 1 meter wide, deep, and long, spaced 6-8 meters apart—about 50-69 trees fit in an acre. Fill pits with topsoil and 10 kg of cow manure to help plants grow healthy.

• Cost Estimation (Land, Seedlings, Labor, Irrigation): You can spend ₹1.5-2 lakh per acre to start. Land prep costs ₹10,000, grafted seedlings (₹60 each for 50) add ₹3,000, labor runs ₹25,000 yearly, and drip irrigation hits ₹50,000. These numbers come from real farming reports in India.
• Source of Planting Material (Nurseries): You can buy grafted seedlings from trusted nurseries like those in Kerala or Tamil Nadu. They bear fruit faster—3-4 years—than seed-grown trees, which take 7 years.
• Equipment and Tools Required: You can use basic tools like spades, hoes, and pruning shears, plus a drip irrigation system. Small machines for mixing soil or cutting cost ₹50,000-₹1 lakh total.
• Funding Options, Subsidies, or Loan Schemes: You can tap the National Horticulture Mission for subsidies up to 50% on plants and irrigation. Banks offer loans like PM Mudra too.

Cultivation, Maintenance, and Profitability 

• Planting Method (Pit Size, Manure): You can dig pits 1 meter wide, deep, and long, spacing them 6-8 meters apart. Fill each pit with topsoil and 10-15 kg of cow manure to feed the soil. Grafted plants work best—they fruit faster than seedlings.
• Irrigation, Pest/Disease Management: You can water young trees every week, especially in dry months, but mature ones rely on rain. Pests like fruit flies or diseases like fruit rot hit sometimes—spray neem oil or fungicides like Bavistin (0.05%) every two weeks to stop them.
• Time to Fruiting and Yield per Tree: Grafted trees start fruiting in 3-5 years, while seedlings take 7-8 years. A mature tree gives 50-200 fruits yearly, each 10-30 kg, so you can expect 500-2,000 kg per tree depending on care.
• Intercropping Opportunities: You can grow short crops like peanuts or beans between young jackfruit trees for 3-4 years. This adds extra money while trees grow, using space smartly.

• Local and Export Market Demand: India’s jackfruit demand rises, with Tamil Nadu and Kerala selling tons locally. Exports hit ₹500 crore yearly—countries like the USA and UK buy unripe jackfruit as a meat substitute.
• Price Trends per Quintal/kg: Farmers sell at ₹10-20 per kg locally, but export prices reach ₹50-70 per kg. A quintal (100 kg) fetches ₹1,000-₹2,000 in India, more abroad.
• Projected Income vs. Expenditure: You can spend ₹50,000-₹70,000 per acre yearly on plants, water, and care. Selling 5,000 kg at ₹15/kg brings ₹75,000—costs leave ₹5,000-₹25,000 profit per acre annually.
• Break-even Point and Profitability in 3–5 Years: You can break even in 4-5 years when trees fruit well. After that, profits climb to ₹50,000-₹1 lakh per acre yearly, says the National Horticulture Board.

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