Project report for Thermoelectric cooler

Now in India, Thermoelectronic cooler technology is widely used in Controlling devices thermally is an important issue to increase the span of any equipment that converts energy and nowadays available latest automation like LED, computer processers and electric battery. Thermoelectric cooling also uses the Peltier effect to create a heat flux at the junction of two different types of materials. A Peltier cooler, heater, or thermoelectric heat pump is a solid-state active heat pump which transfers heat from one side of the device to the other, with consumption of electrical energy, depending on the direction of the current. Such an instrument is also called a Peltier device, Peltier heat pump, solid state refrigerator, or thermoelectric cooler (TEC) and occasionally a thermoelectric battery. It can be used either for heating or for cooling, although in practice the main application is cooling. It can also be used as a temperature controller that either heats or cools.

It is a semiconductor-based electronic component works electrically without any moving parts so they are flexible in shape and virtually maintenance-free. One of the unique properties of thermoelectric modules is possibility to convert heat into electricity starting from almost zero temperature difference. Also, thermoelectric technology can be used to solve thermal problems in microelectronic circuits, by catering to unattended and continuous power requirements and backup power on manned platforms for critical communications and emergency shutdown systems. This technology is far less commonly applied to refrigeration than vapor-compression refrigeration is. The primary advantages of a Peltier cooler compared to a vapor-compression refrigerator are its lack of moving parts or circulating liquid, very long life, invulnerability to leaks, small size, and flexible shape. Its main disadvantages are high cost for a given cooling capacity and poor power efficiency (a low COP). Many researchers and companies are trying to develop Peltier coolers that are cheap and efficient.

The global Thermoelectric Cooler market was valued at INR 62, 680.79 Crores in 2020 and will grow with a CAGR of 4.38% from 2020 to 2027. Thermoelectric coolers consist of a core cooling device called heat pump, which is made up of semiconductor pellets embedded between two metal plates or electrodes passing electric current from one side of the device to other. Electricity has become an essential part of the day-to-day life. Industrial growth has become the yardstick to determine the economic growth of a particular country. In the past, the governments encouraged the establishment of industries. However, now, they are encouraging improving the efficiency of the industrial sector. Managing waste heat from the industries forms the crux of efficiency improvement measures, as this heat is responsible for several devastating effects on the environment. One of the most viable alternatives to effectively manage waste heat and improve the efficiency of the overall plant is through the deployment of thermoelectric devices across industries. 

The thermoelectric coolers are used in various electronic devices such as computers to cool sensitive components and digital cameras. They also find their usage in different scientific applications. These coolers are environment friendly as they are free from hazardous materials. Thermoelectric coolers are environment friendly and feature energy saving benefits. These factors majorly drive the market. Moreover, these coolers are also used in controlling temperatures and help in saving energy. However, they are sometimes inefficient, which hampers the growth of the market. Different advancements in technology are projected to provide lucrative growth opportunities for the market in the upcoming years.